The Pragmatic Addict

Build a custom Debian live ISO

If you are into any kind of tech support for Intel based machines, having a live boot usb thumb drive is essential. The generic live images from distros usually get the job done, but I’ve come up with a way to customize a Debian live image with all your favorite software!

Install the live build software in Debian

apt-get install live-build

Example build script

The following will build a very minimal desktop with RDP & Web browsing. The resulting image (1.1G) should appear as /tmp/debian-live/live-image-amd64.hybrid.iso

#!/bin/bash
set -e
cd /tmp
rm -rf debian-live
mkdir debian-live
cd debian-live

lb config --binary-image iso-hybrid \
        --distribution bookworm \
        --bootappend-live "boot=live timezone=America/New_York keyboard-options=ctrl:nocaps" \
        --archive-areas "main contrib non-free non-free-firmware" \
        --cache false --cache-indices false --cache-packages false --cache-stages false

echo -e "lxde-core\nconnman-gtk\nfirefox-esr\nrdesktop" >> config/package-lists/desktop.list.chroot
echo -e "xserver-xorg-input-all\nxserver-xorg-video-all\nxserver-xorg-input-synaptics" >> config/package-lists/desktop.list.chroot

lb build

Test with qemu

qemu-system-x86_64 -enable-kvm -m 4G -cdrom /tmp/debian-live/live-image-amd64.hybrid.iso

Write to thumbdrive

dd if=/tmp/debian-live/live-image-amd64.hybrid.iso bs=64M of=/dev/<sdx>

Created: 2025-01-03 Modified: 2025-01-06